Subject Index

AB C DEF GHI JKL MNO PQRS TUV WXYZ

Click on a letter to get an alphabetic listing of Subjects.

Chapters in boldface indicate a major discussion of a topic.

Please also note that due to the impressive size of this index it was necessary to break it down in to smaller groups. The Alphabet above will take you to any letter you please and the grouping of letters is indicated by spaces between the letters.

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Subject Index T
Table tennis, eye injuries from, protective device effectiveness and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 45) 
Takayasu disease. See Pulseless disease (Takayasu’s arteritis)
Talbutal, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Talc retinopathy, photocoagulation in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 76) 
Tamponade, silicone oil, in acute retinal necrosis syndrome, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 28) 
Tangent screen, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
automated static screening perimetry, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
automated static threshold perimetry, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
automated visual field results, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
color comparison, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
computer-assisted kinetic perimetry, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
finger mimicking, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
frequency doubling perimetry, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
Goldman kinetic perimetry, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
visually elicited eye movements, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
automated threshold tests, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
deviation, empiric probability maps, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
false-negative responses, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
false-positive responses, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
full-threshold static perimetry, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
global visual field indices, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
grayscale (symbols) display, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
reliability indices (catch-trials), (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
representation of results (graphic display), (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
short wavelength automated perimetry, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
Swedish interactive threshold algorithm, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
Tangent screen examination, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 2) 
Tangent screen visual field testing, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 109) 
Tanzania. See also Third World countries
ophthalmic manpower in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 58) 
Tape, in facial palsy management, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 8) 
Tapetochoroidal degeneration, peripheral, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 26) 
Tapetochoroidal dystrophy, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 66) 
TAP study, photodynamic therapy and, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 63) 
Target modification, antimicrobial resistance of ocular infections and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 65) 
Targets
dissimilar, tests with, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 6) 
in glare and contrast sensitivity testing, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 35) 
Tarsal ectropion, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 73) 
Tarsal-Muller muscle resection, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 78) 
Tarsal muscles
sympathetic innervation, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 5) 
Tarsitis, tuberculous, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 22) 
Tarsoconjunctival flaps, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 88) 
Tarsorrhaphy
in Graves’ disease, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 81) 
lateral, therapeutic hydrogel lenses and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 11) 
in seventh nerve palsy, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 8) 
in zoster keratitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 20) 
Tasks, visibility of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 47) 
Taste, facial nerve and, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 37) 
Taste test, in peripheral facial palsy, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 8) 
Tattoos, intradermal, eyelid, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 75) 
Taxonomy, chlamydial ocular diseases and
(2) 77: 1-16
T cell interactions of class II HLA antigens, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 38) 
T-cell lymphomas, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 35) (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 39) See also Lymphoma; T lymphocytes
adult, acute retinal necrosis syndrome versus, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 28) 
cell surface markers in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 39) 
classification of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 39) 
T cells, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 25) See also Lymphocyte(s)
disease mediated by, autoimmunity and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 28A) 
thymus-derived T-inducer lymphocytes, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 28A) 
Team handball, eye injuries from, protective device effectiveness and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 45) 
Tear. See Lacerations
retinal. (See Retina, tears of)
Tear break-up time, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 3) 
Tear deficiency syndromes, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
Tear-deficient dry eye, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 3) 
non-Sjogren syndromes, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 3) 
Tear film, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 8) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 2) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 3) 
clinical evaluation, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 3) 
dry eye, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 3) 
evaporative dry eye, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 3) 
inflammatory dry eye, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 3) 
lid aperture, lid/globe congruity, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 3) 
meibomian gland disease, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 3) 
tear-deficient dry eye, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 3) 
non-Sjogren syndromes, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 3) 
Tear flow into nose, blockage of, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 7) 
Tearing, gustatory, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 8) 
Tear pump mechanism, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 2A) 
Tears. See also See also Lacrimal glands; Lacrimation
angiotensin-converting enzyme in, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 3) 
artificial
in cicatricial pemphigoid, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 12) 
in erythema multiforme, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 12) 
baseline production of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 79) 
complement in
classical pathway of, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 45) 
crocodile. (See Crocodile tears)
deficiencies of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 14) See also Dry eye syndrome(s)
diagnostic methods, Schirmer’s test, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 8) 
dry eye. (See Dry eye syndrome(s))
facial palsy and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 8) 
film of. (See Tear film)
flow into nose, blockage of, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 7) 
flushing action of, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 45) 
host defense mechanisms of, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 45) 
specifically acquired immunity and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 45) 
hypersecretion of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 21) See also Tears. deficiencies of
hyposecretion of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 21) 
as immunologic defense, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 26) 
in lysosomal storage diseases, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 30) 
osmolality of, normal, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 15) 
pathways and movements of flow of, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 2) 
pharmacokinetics and, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 23) 
secretion of. (See Lacrimation)
in Sjorgren’s syndrome, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 35) 
Tears, retinal, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
role of head trauma in, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
vitreous traction tears, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
Telangiectasia. See Louis-Bar syndrome
retinal. (See also Coats’ disease)
idiopathic juxtafoveal, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 76) 
photocoagulation in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 76) 
Telecanthus, in Waardenburg syndrome, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 58) 
after eyelid surgery, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 75) 
hypertelorism and, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 110) 
Teleorbitism, hypertelorism versus, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 110) 
Teller acuity cards, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 10) 
Telodiencephalic ischemic syndrome, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 15) 
Temperature, environmental, albinism sensitive to, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 38) 
corneal sensitivity to, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 4) 
of injectable local anesthetics, and efficacy, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 35) 
intraocular pressure and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
Temperature-sensitive albinism, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 38) 
Temporal arteries, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 4) 
arteritis of. (See also Arteritis, cranial)
lacrimal gland and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 40) 
Temporal arteritis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 16) See Giant cell arteritis
Temporal artery, superficial, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 5) 
Temporal bone, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 8) 
CT scan of, in vestibular system assessment, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
Temporal crescent
monocular, field defect with sparing of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
Temporal frequency, adaptation and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 16) 
Temporalis muscle, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 21) 
Temporal lobe, optic radiation of, lesions of, (2): 7 8, 12
Temporal modulation perimetry, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 17) 
Temporal vein, superficial, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 5) 
Temporal wedge-shaped defects, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 49) 
Temporo-occipital arteries, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 4) 
Tendons. See also specific tendon
canthal. (See Canthal ligament)
sheath syndrome of Brown. (See Brown tendon sheath syndromein)
superior oblique
right
silicone tendon expander procedure for, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 96) 
silicone expander procedure for, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 96) 
Tennis, eye injuries from, protective device effectiveness and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 45) 
Tenonitis, inflammatory pseudotumor and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 27) 
Tenotomy, levator marginal, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 81) 
Tensilon test. See Edrophonium (Tensilon) test
Tension, of extraocular muscles, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 23) 
Tension-type headache, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 16) 
Tensor tarsi muscle, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 5) 
Tenzel rotation flap, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 88) 
Teratogenicity, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 32) (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 39) 
fluorescein angiography in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 32) 
optic nerve hypoplasia and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
Teratogens, ocular, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 39) 
anticonvulsants as, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 39) 
benzodiazepines as, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 39) 
cancer chemotherapeutic agents as, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 39) 
coumarin derivatives as, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 39) 
folic acid antagonists as, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 39) 
organic mercurials as, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 39) 
phenothiazines as, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 39) 
therapeutic agents as, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 39) 
Teratoid medulloepithelioma, (1)21: 16
Terminal endocarditis, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 22) 
Tests. See also specific test
acuity. (See Visual acuity, tests forof)
of color vision, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
contrast sensitivity. (See Contrast sensitivity, tests ofof)
duction, forced. (See Forced duction test)
electrophysiologic, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 2) 
Maddox’s rod in, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 6) 
major amblyoscope, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 9) 
photostress. (See Photostress test)
simultaneous prism and cover, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 6) 
for stereopsis with spectacle correction in monocular aphakia, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 48) 
swinging flashlight, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 3) 
traction. (See Traction test)
in visual agnosia, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
Worth 4 dot, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 9) 
in monofixation syndrome, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 14) 
Tetanus
trauma-associated, prevention, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 64) 
Tetracaine, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 43) 
ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
systemic toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
as topical anesthesia, phacoemulsification of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 1) 
Tetracycline hydrochloride, in gonococcal conjunctivitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 5) 
Tetraethylammonium, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Tetrahydrocannabinol, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Tetrahydrozoline, effect on conjunctiva, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 29) 
Thalassemia, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 17) 
sickle, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 17) See also Sickle cell disease
photocoagulation in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 76) 
Thermal burns. See Burns
Thermotherapy, in retinoblastoma, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 109) 
Thiamine deficiency, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 29) 
tobacco-alcohol amblyopia and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
Thill Aniseikonia Worksheet, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 47) 
basic calculations for, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 47) 
examples of
minus-lens problem, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 47) 
plus-lens problem, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 47) 
part I: estimating amount of aniseikonia, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 47) 
part III: plus lenses, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 47) 
part IV: minus lenses, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 47) 
Thimerosal, sensitivity to, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 55) 
in contact lens care, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 80) 
ocular teratogenicity, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 39) 
side effects, in infants and children, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 43) 
Thioglycolate broth, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 64) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 40) 
for cultures in bacterial keratitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 18) 
Thiopental sodium (Pentothal), ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Thioridazine (Mellaril), ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 66) (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Thiothixene, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Third cranial nerve. See Oculomotor nerve
Third population cells, in immune response, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 2) 
Third World countries
corneal opacification in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 61 ) 
etiologic factors in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 61) 
management at primary health care level and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 61) 
preventive strategies for, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 61) 
transplantation for, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 61 ) 
ophthalmology in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 58 ) 
manpower in, 3, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 58) 
full-time eye workers, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 58) 
integrated eye workers, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 58) 
medical eye auxiliaries, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 58) 
ophthalmologists in, fully trained, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 58) 
optical technicians, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 58) 
voluntary eye workers, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 58) 
optical services in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 58) 
surgery in
instrument sets for, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 58) 
magnification for, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 58) 
Thornton needle, for retrobulbar anesthesia, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 1) 
Thorpe corneal fixation forceps, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 3) 
Three-dimensional tomographic ultrasonography, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 108) 
Three-dimensional ultrasound, with pregnancy, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 56) 
Threshold programs, automated perimetry, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 2) (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 49) 
Threshold sensitivity, and automated perimetry, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 109) 
Thrombocytopenia, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 23) 
in retinitis pigmentosa, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 23) 
Thrombolytic agents, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 41) 
Thrombophlebitis, of orbital veins, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 35) 
Thrombosis
cavernous sinus
magnetic resonance imaging of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 34) 
in orbital cellulitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 25) 
orbital cellulitis versus, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 25) 
Thrombotic endocarditis, nonbacterial, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 22) 
Thrombotic endocarditis, nonbacterial, ocular abnormalities, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 22) 
Thrombotic microangiopathy, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 31) 
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 23) (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 32) 
disseminated intravascular coagulation versus, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 23) 
Thromboxane A2(TXA2), (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 27) 
Thumb occluder, in amblyopia, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 10) 
Thygeson chronic follicular conjunctivitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 7) 
Thygeson keratopathy, corticosteroids for, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
Thygeson superficial punctate keratitis, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
Thymidine, structure of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 19) 
Thymoma, myasthenia gravis and, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 20) 
Thymoxamine
effect on catecholamine systems, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 29) 
Thyroid disorders, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 36)  (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 21 ) 
fibrosclerosis as, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 35) 
Hodgkin’s disease and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 39) 
hyperthyroidism as, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 21) 
hypothyroidism as, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 21) 
inflammatory eye disease in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 34) 
lid retraction in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 3) 
motility disorders in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 36) 
systemic disease and, management of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 36) 
Werner’s test in. (See Werner suppression test)
Thyroiditis, hashimoto, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 35) 
Thyroid ophthalmopathy. See also Graves’ disease
corticosteroids in, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
inferior tarsal muscle in, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 5) 
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), in hyperthyroidism, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 36) 
Thyrotoxicosis, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 21) See also Graves’ disease; Thyroid disorders
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) test, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 36) 
Thyroxine (T4), in thyroid-related myopathy diagnosis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 12) 
Ticarcillin, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 26) 
in ecthyma grangrenosum, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 22) 
fortified topical preparation of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 18) 
for orbital cellulitis, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 36) 
Tic douloureux. See Trigeminal nerve, neuralgia
Ticks
Colorado tick fever virus, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 85) 
rickettsial disease, 2, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 58) 
Ticlopidine (Ticlid), diabetic retinopathy and, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 30) 
TIGR protein, aqueous humor drainage and, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 45) 
Tilting. See also Ocular tilt reaction; Pantoscopic angle (tilt)
Time available to view task, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 47) 
Timolol (Timoptic, Timoptol), (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 56 ) 
after orbital surgery, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 14) 
apraclonidine versus, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 29) 
clinical indications for, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 56) 
dorzolamide additivity to, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 30) 
intraocular pressure effects of, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
ocular blood flow effect of, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
ocular teratogenicity, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 39) 
side effects, in infants and children, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 43) 
Timoptic. See Timolol
T-inducer lymphocytes, thymus-derived, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 28A) 
Tin ethyl etiopurpurin (SnET2/Purlytin)
for choroidal neovascularization, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 76) 
in photodynamic therapy, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 69C) 
Tinidazole, for giardiasis, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 79) 
Tinnitus
in Meniere’s disease, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
in pseudotumor cerebri, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
Tissue adhesives, in corneal laceration treatment, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 39) 
Tissue culture, chlamydial ocular diseases, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 77) 
Tissue destruction, bacterial, virulence factors in, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 42) 
Tissue plasminogen activator, endophthalmitis, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 64) 
Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 11) (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 41) 
for central retinal vein occlusion, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 15) 
in diabetic vitrectomy, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
in endophthalmitis, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 64) 
in retinal artery occlusion, central, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 14) 
Tissue typing, in corneal transplant, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 2) 
Titmus Fly test, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 2) 
Titmus screening systems, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 47) 
T lymphocytes, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 39) (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 40) See also Lymphocytes; T–cell lymphomas
B cell interactions with, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 34) 
in herpes simplex keratitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 2) 
immune function and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 2) 
interactions between, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 34) 
macrophage interactions with, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 34) 
in toxoplasmosis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
T-lymphocytes. See T cells
TMP/SMX. See Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX)
TMS-1 (Topographic Modeling System), (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 65) 
Tobacco. See also Smoking
amblyopia from, vitamin deficiencies and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
Tobogganing, eye injuries from, protective device effectiveness and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 45) 
Tobramycin, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 26) (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 39) 
for corneal ulcers, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 36) 
in endophthalmitis, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 64) 
in fortified topical preparation, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 18) 
intravitreal injection of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 26) 
penetrating keratoplasty and, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 26) 
in postoperative prophylaxis, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 64) 
side effects, in infants and children, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 43) 
subconjunctival dose of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 18) 
Tocopherol, cataract risk reduction and, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 72C) 
Tolazamide, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Tolbutamide, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Tolerance, immune response and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 25) 
Tolmetin. See Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Toluene intoxication, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 38) 
Tolusa-Hunt syndrome, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 17) 
Tomographic ultrasonography, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 108) 
Tomography
computed. (See Computed tomography)
optical coherence, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 48A) 
Tongue, palsy of, in Mobius syndrome, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 20) 
Tonic pupil syndrome. See Adie’s syndrome
Tonic-vestibular-pause cells, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 23) 
Tonometry, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 7)  (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 46)  (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 47Tonometry) 
combination applanation-indentation, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
effect on intraocular pressure, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
in glaucoma
high-displacement tonometers in, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 47) 
historical aspects of, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 41) 
indentation tonometer in, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 47) 
low-displacement tonometers in, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 47) 
outflow measurement and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
quantitative relationships, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
Schiotz tonometer in, 2, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 46) 
therapeutic hydrogel lenses and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 11) 
topical anesthesia, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 35) 
Topical anesthesia, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 1) 
Topical ocular medications
Topiramate, in migraine prophylaxis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 16) 
Top-of-the-basilar syndrome, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
Topographic Modeling System (TMS-1), (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 65) 
in radial keratotomy, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 65) 
Topography, confocal scanning laser, of optic nerve, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 111 ) 
Topography-based ablations, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 47) 
Torsional gaze
brainstem control of, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 38) 
effects of midbrain lesions on, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 38) 
Torsional movements, brainstem connections, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
Torsional movements of eye
fusional vergence as, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 7) 
in thyroid-related myopathy, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 12) 
Torsional surgery, contraindications to, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 97) 
Torticollis
in dissociated strabismus complex, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 18) 
Torticollis, ocular, 61–62
Tortuosity, vascular
in Fabry’s disease, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 29) 
retinal artery, hereditary, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 22) 
Torulopsis candida, endophthalmitis in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55) 
Torulopsis magnoliae, endophthalmitis in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55) 
Torulosis. See Cryptococcosis
Total internal reflection, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 30) 
critical angle calculation and, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 30) 
Total nuclear cataract, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 15) 
Touch, corneal sensitivity to, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 4) 
Toxic conjunctivitis, contact lenses causing, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 27) 
Toxicity
of direct-acting muscarinic agonists, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 26) 
drug, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 42) See also specific drugs
of indirect-acting muscarinic agonists, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 26) 
of muscarinic antagonists, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 26) 
punctate epithelial erosions in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 17) 
Toxicology, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) See also specific toxin
adverse ocular reactions to drugs in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37 ) 
adverse systemic reactions to drugs in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37 ) 
drugs affecting specific ocular areas in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37 ) 
Toxic optic neuropathies, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) See also Drugs
Toxic retinal degenerations, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 13) 
Toxic transient cerebral blindness, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
Toxocara canis, vitreoretinal abscess from, vitrectomy for, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 56) 
Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 32) 
Toxoplasmosis, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 40B) (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46)  (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 57) (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 33) (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 40) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 32) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 76) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 79) (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 4) 
animal models of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
causative organism, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 76) 
clinical findings in, ocular, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
congenital, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 4) 
clinical manifestations of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
differential diagnosis of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
prenatal diagnosis of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
serologic diagnosis of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
differential diagnosis of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
in congenital disease, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
disease mechanisms, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 76) 
epidemics and outbreaks, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 43) 
experimental models, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 76) 
fluorescein angiography of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
fluorescent antibody test for, indirect, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
Fuch’s syndrome versus, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 54D) 
hemagglutination test for, indirect, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
immune response to, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 76) 
in immunocompromised host, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
indocyanine green angiography in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
ocular, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
antibody tests in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
clinical findings in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
complications of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
corticosteroids in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
cytomegalovirus retinitis versus, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 28A) 
photocoagulation and cryotherapy in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
pyrimethamine in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
retina-choroid in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
oculomotor nerve palsy in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 12) 
pars planitis and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 43) 
polymerase chain reaction in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
recurrent
disease mechanisms, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 76) 
risk factors for, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
Sabin-Feldman dye test in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
Trabecular cells, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 10) 
cellularity and regeneration, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 10) 
contractility and innervation, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 10) 
phagocytic capacity, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 10) 
Schwalbe’s line cells, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 10) 
synthetic capacity, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 10) 
Trabecular lamellae
fusion, in glaucoma, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 10) 
Trabecular meshwork, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 43) See also Schlemm’s canal
aqueous humor drainage in, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 45) 
ciliary muscle connections with, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 10) 
damage to, irreversible, after cataract extraction, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 54G) 
dysfunction of, after cataract extraction, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 54G) 
dysgenesis of, 3, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 51) 
in exfoliation syndrome, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 54B) 
functional morphology, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 10 ) 
inflammatory precipitates on, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 54D) 
lens particle glaucoma and, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 54G) 
in pigment dispersion syndrome, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 54B) 
in primary open-angle glaucoma, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 52) 
trabecular lamellae, morphology, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 10 ) 
Trabecular meshwork outflow, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 25) 
Trabeculodialysis, in uveitic glaucoma of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 54D) 
Trabeculodysgenesis, isolated, developmental glaucoma in, 3, 3; (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 51) (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 51) 
Trabeculoplasty, laser, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 69B) (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 19 ) 
argon, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 19) 
disadvantages of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 19) 
in exfoliative glaucoma, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 54B) 
facilitation of, with laser gonioplasty, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 19) 
as initial therapy, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 19) 
long-term results of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 19) 
in pigmentary glaucoma, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 54B) 
postoperative management of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 19) 
preoperative preparation for, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 19) 
in primary open-angle glaucoma, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 52) 
intraocular pressure and, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 52) 
mechanism of action of, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 52) 
Trabeculotomy, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 15 ) 
in glaucoma
complications of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 24) 
laser, aqueous outflow facility and, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 45) 
Trachoma, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 60)  (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 77) (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 8) (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
acute, WHO classification for, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 7) 
clinical features of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 60 ) 
epidemics and outbreaks, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 43) 
Herbert’s pits in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 60) 
lymphoid follicles in, 3, 5–6, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 60) 
phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis versus, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 8) 
sex distribution of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 53) 
Tracing of rays, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 30) 
spherical refracting surface, single
Traction, papillary, vitrectomy in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
Tractional vitreoretinal diseases. See also Vitreoretinopathy
retinal detachment as, vitrectomy in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
Traction sutures, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 3) 
Traction test
in Brown syndrome, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 20) 
in Mobius syndrome, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 20) 
in orbital fracture, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 20) 
in strabismus fixus, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 20) 
in thyrotoxicosis ophthalmoplegia, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 20) 
in vertical retraction syndrome, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 20) 
Traditional medicine, blindness and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 53) 
Traits, sporadic, defined, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 51) 
Transantral orbitotomy, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 86) (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 86) See also Orbitotomy
Transconjunctival orbitotomy, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 14) See also Orbitotomy
Transcoronal lateral orbitotomy, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 86) See also Orbitotomy
Transcranial orbitotomy, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 86) See also Orbitotomy
Transfer function, modulation of, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 30) 
Transferrin
Transforming growth factor
intraocular pressure elevation and, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 52) 
Transgenic models, of retinal disease, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 2) 
Transient. See Blindness, transient
Transient idiopathic nystagmus of infancy, 35
Transient ischemia. See Ischemia, transient ischemic attacks
Transient ischemic attacks, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 19) 
Transient obscurations of vision, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 1) See also Blindness, transient
in optic disc malformations, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 4) 
in optic nerve hyaline bodies, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
in pseudotumor cerebri, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
in retinal arterial occlusions, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
Transitional carcinoma, of paranasal sinuses, orbital extension of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46) 
Transitional cell carcinoma
Transmission electron microscopy, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 40) 
Transparency, in lens, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
Transparent paints, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 6) 
Transplantation
conjunctival, autograft, pterygium and, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 35) 
corneal, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 26) See also Keratoplasty
care of transplant after, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 61) 
crossmatching and tissue typing for, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 2) 
in developing world, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 61 ) 
donor disease transmission to recipient in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 30) (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 26) 
donor HLA antigens in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 2) 
primary graft failure in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 26) 
prognosis for graft clarity in, 2, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 26) 
recipient pathology and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 61) 
limbal, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 35) See Limbal transplant
retinal pigment epithelium, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 21) 
stem cell, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 34) See also Stem cells, transplantation of
Transplantation material, antimicrobial prophylaxis, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 64) 
Transposition procedures, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 90 ) 
Transpupillary focal photocoagulation of ciliary processes, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 69B) 
Transpupillary thermotherapy, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 76) 
Transscleral cyclodestruction, in glaucoma, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 19) 
Transscleral injury, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 45) 
Transscleral laser cyclotherapy, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 69B) 
Transsclerally sulcussutured posterior chamber intraocular lens, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 8) 
Transseptal orbitotomy, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 14) See also Orbitotomy
Transudates, retinal, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 7) 
focal intraretinal periarteriolar (FIPTs), in hypertension, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 13) 
Transurethral prostate resection, blindness after, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
Transverse magnification, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 30) 
Trantas’ dots, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 2) 
in vernal keratoconjunctivitis, 2–3, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 9) 
Traquair “island of vision, ”, (2) 2: 19, 20–23
Traube-Hering waves, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
Trauma, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 20)  (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 61)  (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 47)  (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 78) (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 6) See also Surgical complications
to anterior segment of eye
from foreign bodies, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 39) 
lens injury from, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 39) 
penetrating, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 39) See also Lacerations
postoperative management of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 39) 
preoperative management of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 39) 
perforating, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 39) See also Lacerations
postoperative management of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 39) 
preoperative management of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 39) 
secondary reconstruction for, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 39) 
surgical management of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 39 ) 
asphyxia from, retinopathy due to, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 32) 
at birth
bacterial conjunctivitis as, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 6) 
facial palsy and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 8) 
ocular injuries from, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 39) 
blindness from, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 56) 
cerebral, transient, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
blunt, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) See also Contusions; Hyphema, traumatic
after cataract extraction, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 6) 
anterior-posterior compression and equatorial expansion from, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
anterior uveal tract, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 6) 
coup and contrecoup injury from, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
eye protection and, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
lens injuries from, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
mechanisms of ocular damage from, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
posterior uveal tract, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 6) 
retinitis sclopetaria from, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
scleral rupture from, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
sports-related, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 45) See also Sports medicine
uveitis following, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
burns, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 1 (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 6) 
carotid dissection and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 16) 
cellulitis from
cerebral visual loss due to, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
chemical injuries as. (See Chemical injuries)
children, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 111) See also Child abuse; Pediatric ophthalmology, ocular traumain
choroidal
ciliochoroidal effusions from, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 63) 
closed-head
chiasmal syndrome in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 6) 
optic nerve injury in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
consumer product-related injuries in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 56) 
from contact lens, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 55) 
corneal
antimicrobial prophylaxis in, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 64) 
opacification due to, in developing world, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 61) 
penetrating. (See also Cornea, perforations of)
radial keratotomy incision rupture in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 41) 
wound healing and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 4) 
corneoscleral, lacerations, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 39) 
economic impact of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 56) 
enucleation after. (See Enucleation)
etiology, setting, and prevention of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 56) 
home-related injuries and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 56) 
sports-related injuries and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 56) 
transportation-related injuries and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 56) 
work-related injuries and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 56) 
extraocular, distant, retinopathy after, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 32 ) 
eyelid, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 75) See also Lid(s), trauma to
facial nerve palsy due to, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 37) 
false aneurysm and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 17) 
fractures from. (See Fractures)
gram-negative bacilli and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 52) 
granulomatous inflammation after, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 4) 
headache following, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 16) 
home-related injuries and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 56) 
hyphema from, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 61) See also Hyphema, traumatic
incidence of ocular injury from, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 56) 
intraocular foreign bodies, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 6) 
intraocular pressure and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
midface, nasolacrimal damage and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 79) 
motility abnormalities in, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 20) 
oculomotor palsy following, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 12) 
open-globe injury from, in children, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 81) 
orbitocranial, optic nerve in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
pathologic principles, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 1) 
penetrating. (See also Lacerations)
endophthalmitis from, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 24) 
optic nerve injuries from, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
sports-related, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 45) See also Sports medicine
vitreoretinal, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 66 ) 
acute effects of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 66) 
intermediate complications of, 6, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 66) 
late complications of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 66) 
primary surgical repair for, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 66) 
secondary complications of, 6, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 66) 
surgical repair of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 66) 
penetrating and perforating injuries, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 6) 
during refractive surgery, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 6) 
perforating injuries from
corneal. (See Cornea, perforations of)
posterior segment of eye, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 66 ) 
preseptal cellulitis after, treatment, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 36) 
radiation injuries, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 6) 
retinal
distant extraocular trauma and, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 32 ) 
vitreous substitutes in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 54) 
retinal pigment epithelium and, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
retinitis pigmentosa and, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 13) 
retinopathy due to, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 13) 
slipped muscles in, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 20) 
sports-related. (See Sports medicine)
sympathetic ophthalmia after, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55) 
tetanus associated with, prevention, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 64) 
ultrasound examination of, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 108) 
uveal tract, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 61 ) 
inflammation caused by, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 62 ) 
vitreoretinal, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 66) 
secondary surgical repair of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 66) 
vitreous adhesions following, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 14) 
vitreous hemorrhage following, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 14) 
war-related injuries from, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 56) 
work-related injuries from, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 56) 
Trauma, blunt, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
anterior-posterior compression, equatorial expansion, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
coup, contrecoup, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
hyphema
antifibrinolytic agents, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
medical management, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
intraocular pressure, management of, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
ocular damage mechanisms, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
posterior segment injuries, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
choroidal injuries, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
commotio retinae, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
optic nerve injuries, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
retinal, vitreous hemorrhage, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
retinal detachment, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
retinal tears, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
role of head trauma in retinal tears, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
vitreous traction tears, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
retinitis sclopeteria, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
protection of eye, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
Traumatic aneurysms, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 17) 
Traumatic cataract, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73) 
with central nervous system disease, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73) 
with connective tissue, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73) 
with cutaneous disease, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73) 
diabetes mellitus, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73) 
Fabry’s disease, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73) 
hypoparathyroidism /hypocalcemia, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73) 
Lowe’s (oculocerebrorenal) syndrome, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73) 
with metabolic disorders, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73) 
with primary ocular diseases, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73) 
from radiation, pharmaceuticals, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73) 
Refsum’s disease, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73) 
with renal disease, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73) 
skeletal disorders, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73) 
with systemic diseases, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73) 
Wilson’s disease, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73) 
Traylcypromine, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Trazodone, for migraine, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 16) 
Treacher Collins syndrome, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 58) 
Tremor, topical -blockers and, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 40) 
Trendelenburg position, effect on intraocular pressure, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
Trental. See Pentoxifylline (Trental)
Treponema pallidum, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 40A) 
Tretinoin, in cicatracial pemphigoid, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 27) 
Triads, of photoreceptors, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 1) 
Triamcinolone acetonide, for central retinal vein occlusion, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 15) 
Triamcinolone (Aristocort)
in capillary hemangioma, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 27) 
ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
in pars planitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 43) 
Trichilemmal cysts, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 7) 
Trichlorethylene, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Trichomegaly, in HIV infection, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 36) 
Trichopoliodystrophy (Menkes disease), (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 54B) 
Trichothiodystrophy, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 41) 
Trichromats. See Color-defective vision
Trichrome staining, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 40) 
Tricyclic antidepressants, in migraine prophylaxis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 16) 
pupillary effects, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 9) 
Trifluoperazine, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Trifluoromethazolamide, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 30) 
Trifluorothymidine, for HSV keratitis, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 54D) 
Trifluperidol, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Trigeminal nerve, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 3) (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 21) (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36 ) 
atypical facial pain, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
trigeminal neuralgia, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
atypical facial paincluster headache, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
in carotid aneurysms, intracavernous, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 17) 
dysfunction, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
cavernous sinus and, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
gasserian ganglion and, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
loss of corneal sensation, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
middle cranial fossa and, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
peripheral branches, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
sensory cortex and, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
systemic diseases and, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
trigeminal root and, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
electrophysiologic testing, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
facial pain, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
constant or paraoxysmal, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
trigeminal neuralgia, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
facial pain and, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
in cluster headache, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
in Raeder’s paratrigeminal neuralgia, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
in temporomandibular joint disease, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
functional evaluation of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 3) 
Gasserian ganglion, brainstem nuclei, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
in herpes zoster, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 20) 
herpes zoster infection or shingles, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
Horner’s syndrome, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
intracranial branches, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
latent varicella zoster virus, quiet since primary chickenpox infection, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
mandibular division, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
mesencephalic nucleus, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
multipel sclerosis, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
ocular sensation and, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
ophthalmic division of, anatomical perspectives on, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 1) 
in Paget’s disease, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 29) 
palsy of, in pregnancy, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 32) 
postherpetic neuralgia, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
Raeder’s paratrigeminal neuralgia, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
sensation from, orbital disease and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 29) 
in Sturge-Weber syndrome, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 17) 
temporomandibular joint disease, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
thalamus, basal ganglia, sensory cortex, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
trigeminal nerve dysfunction, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
Gasserian ganglion, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
Gradenigo’s syndrome, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
Guillain-Barre syndrome, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
hemimasticatory spasm, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
herpes zoster ophthalmicus, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
loss of corneal sensation, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
middle cranial fossa, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
peripheral branches, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
Raeder’s paratrigeminal neuralgia syndrome, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
in Wegener’s granulomatosis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 35) 
Trigeminal nerve dysfunction, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
Gradenigo’s syndrome, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
Guillain-Barre syndrome, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
hemimasticatory spasm, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
herpes zoster ophthalmicus, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
Raeder’s paratrigeminal neuralgia syndrome, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
Trigeminal neuralgia, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
Trihexosyl ceramide metabolism, in Fabry disease, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 29) 
Triiodothyronine suppression test. See Werner suppression test
Triiodothyronine (T3), in thyroid-related myopathy diagnosis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 12) 
Trimethaphan, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Trimethidinium, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Trimethobenzamide, postoperative administration of, for children, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 81) 
Trimethoprim eyedrops, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 26) 
Trimethoprim/polymyxin B sulfate
for conjunctivitis and keratitis, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 39) 
in postoperative prophylaxis, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 64) 
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
for corneal ulcers, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 36) 
for pneumocystic choroiditis, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 66) 
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 26) 
for cat-scratch disease, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 4) 
for toxoplasmosis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
Triparanol, cataracts from, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 41) 
Triple test, in angle-closure glaucoma, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 53) 
Triptans, for migraine, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 16) 
Trisodium phosphonoformate hexahydrate. See Foscarnet (trisodium phosphonoformate hexahydrate)
Trisomy, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 51) 
13, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 15) See also Patau’s syndrome
18, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 15) See also Edwards’ syndrome
21. (See Down’s syndrome)
D1. (See Patau’s syndrome)
Trisomy 21. See Down syndrome
Trisomy D1. See Trisomy 13
Trisomy E. See Trisomy 18
Trisulfapyrimidine, in toxoplasmosis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
Trochlea
calcifications of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 24) 
Trochleitis, computed tomography, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 24) 
Tropheryma whippelii, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 4) 
Tropicamide (Mydriacyl)
pupillary effects, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 9) 
side effects, in infants and children, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 43) 
systemic toxicity, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Trousseau sign, in hypoparathyroidism, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 21) 
Trovafloxacin, in toxoplasmosis, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 66) 
Troxerutin, in retinal vein occlusion treatment, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 15) 
Truncated contact lens, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 55) 
Trusopt. See Dorzolamide (Trusopt)
Tryparsamide, ocular toxicity, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Trypticase soy broth, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 40) 
Tscherning technique aberration measurement, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 70) 
TSH. See Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
T system, extraocular muscles and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 23) 
Tubarine, ocular toxicity, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Tubercle of Whitnall, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 5) 
Tuberculosis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 57) (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 58)  (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 33) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 32) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 56)  (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
chemoprophylaxis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 58) 
chemotherapy, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 58) 
ophthalmic side effects, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 58) 
Eales’ disease and, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 16) 
multidrug-resistant, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 58) 
optic nerves in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 6) 
phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 8 ) 
primary infection, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 58) 
secondary disease, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 58) 
Tuberculosis, skin testing, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 40A) 
Tuberculous choroidopathy, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 40) 
Tuberculous phylctenulosis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 8) 
corneal phylctenulosis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 8) 
Tuberous sclerosis complex, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
astrocytic retinal hamartomas, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
cutaneous findings, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
diagnostic criteria, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
intracranial lesions, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
mental retardation, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
neurologic findings, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
nonretinal features, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
ophthalmic features, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
pigmentary abnormalities, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
systemic features, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
visceral findings, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
Tube shunts, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 15) 
anterior chamber placement, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 17) 
aqueous misdirection, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 17) 
flow characteristics, 5, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 17) 
internal tube opening, fibrosis around, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 17) 
occlusion of tube, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 17) 
valve malfunction, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 17) 
Tubing, eye injuries from, protective device effectiveness and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 45) 
Tullio phenomenon, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
Tumor circoidius, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 17) 
Tumor necrosis factor antibodies, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 33) 
Tumor(s). See also specific tumors
abducens palsies in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 12) 
benign, surface epithelium, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 10) 
cataract related to, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 12) 
cavernous sinus, embolization, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 17) 
chiasmal syndromes and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 6 ) 
choroidal. (See Choroid, tumors)
ciliary body, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 36) 
angle closure in, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 53) 
iridocyclectomy in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 36) 
iridocyclochoriodectomy in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 36) 
orbital extension, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46) 
dermoid. (See Dermoid cysts)
differential diagnosis of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
dysplastic disc development and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
facial nerve disorders and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 8) 
fluorescein angiography, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 113A ) 
granular cell (myoblastoma), (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 41) 
intracranial, headache associated with, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 16) 
iris, angle closure in, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 53) 
lacrimal sac, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 13) 
dacryocystectomy for, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 13) 
orbital extension, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46) 
lids, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 3 ) 
excision, lacrimal drainage system reconstruction after, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 79) 
orbital extension, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46 ) 
lymphoid. (See Lymphoma)
melanoma. (See Melanoma, malignant)
metastatic. (See Metastases)
in multiple endocrine neoplasia, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 21) 
nevus of Ota and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 27) 
orbital, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 14) (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 39)  (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 44 ) 
chorioretinal folds caused by, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 36) 
computed tomography in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 24 ) 
giant cell reparative granuloma, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 35) 
granular cell (myoblastoma), (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 41) 
lymphoma, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 39) See also Lymphoma, orbital
malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 41) 
mesenchymal, computed tomography, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 24) 
metastatic, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46 ) 
clinical examination, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46) 
hormonal therapy, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46) 
laboratory tests, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46) 
organ-specific metastasis and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46) 
pathologic techniques, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46) 
radiation therapy, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46) 
relative incidence of primary tumor types, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46) 
symptoms and signs, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46) 
syndromes of presentation, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46) 
temporal characteristics, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46) 
timing of, known versus occult primary and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46) 
of unknown origin, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46) 
optic disc edema and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
postamputation neuroma, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 41) 
primitive neuroectodermal tumors, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 41) 
in renal failure, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 31) 
thyroid orbitopathy versus, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 36) 
paranasal sinus, orbital involvement, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 24) 
of paranasal sinuses, optic nerve in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
pediatric intraocular, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 53) 
peripheral nerve sheath, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 41) 
photodynamic therapy, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 69C ) 
postamputation neuroma, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 41) 
potential for, adenovirus and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 96) 
primitive neuroectodermal tumors, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 41) 
solitary fibrous, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 24) 
trigeminal neuropathy and, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
in tuberous sclerosis, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 34) 
vascular, orbital, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37 ) 
Wilms’. (See Wilms’ tumor)
Tumor suppressor proteins, human papillomavirus and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 95) 
“Turban tumor, ”, (3) 7: 24
Turnover, occupational ophthalmology and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 47) 
TURP (transurethral prostate resection) syndrome, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
TWIST mutation, in craniofacial syndromes, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 110) 
“Twitch” sign, in ptosis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 3) 
Types of intraocular lenses, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 11) 
acrylic, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 11) 
hydrophilic acrylics, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 11) 
hydrophobic acrylics, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 11) 
polymethylmethacrylate, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 11) 
Typhoid vaccine, uveitis from, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 54) 
Tyrosinase, in albinism, 2–3, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 38) 
Tyrosinase-negative OCA, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 38) 
Tyrosinase-positive OCA, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 38) 
Tyrosine, oxidation, metabolic blocks, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 15) 
Tyrosinemia (Richner-Hanhart syndrome), (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 54A) 
Tzanck smear, in viral infection diagnosis, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 88) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 94) 

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Subject Index U
UGH (Ellingson) syndrome, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 54G) 
intraocular lenses and, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 11) 
Uhthoff phenomenon, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 1) 
in optic neuritis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
Ulcerative keratitis, peripheral, sterile, associated with collagen vascular disease, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 2) 
Ulcers
ameboid, in herpes simplex keratitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 19) 
in Behcet’s syndrome, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 40) 
corneal
bacterial, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 18) See also Keratitis, bacterial
in chemical burns, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 28) 
in epidermolysis bullosa, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 27) 
noninfected, conjunctival flaps in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 33) 
in rheumatoid arthritis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 15) 
in systemic disease, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 15) 
dendritic, in herpes simplex keratitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 19) 
herpetic, in stromal keratitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 19) 
lid, staphylococcal, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 22) 
Mooren’s, (4)2: 41–42; (4) 16: 37–40
phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis versus, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 8) 
shield, in vernal keratoconjunctivitis, 3, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 2) (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 9) 
Ultrabiomicroscopy, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
Ultrafiltration
aqueous humor formation and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 6) 
aqueous humor formation and composition, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 45) 
Ultrasonography, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 108) See also Ultrasound biomicroscopy 
axial length of eye, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 68) 
basic principles, 2, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 108) 
B-scan, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 108) 
carotid, in ocular ischemic syndrome, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 12) 
in ciliochoroidal effusion, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 52) 
in scleral disease, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 23) 
in vitreous hemorrhage, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 3) 
in carotid artery disease, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 14) 
ocular ischemic syndrome and, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 12) 
clinical applications, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 108 ) 
Doppler, carotid, in ocular ischemic syndrome, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 12) 
duplex
carotid, in ocular ischemic syndrome, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 12) 
in cranial arteritis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
examination techniques, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 108 ) 
for fetal visualization, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 56) 
prior to amniocentesis, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 56) 
of foreign bodies, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 108) 
intraocular, ultrasound biomicroscopy, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 106) 
of lens, retained material after surgery in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 65) 
for ocular measurements, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 33) 
optical coherence tomography versus, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 107) 
in posterior vitreoretinal interface evaluation, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 108) 
preservation and documentation of findings, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 108) 
specialized techniques, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 3) 
in thyroid orbitopathy, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 36) 
Ultrasound, with pregnancy, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 56) 
Ultraviolet radiation. See also Sunlight
in melanoma pathogenesis, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 20) 
ocular transmission of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 55) 
physical definition of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 55) 
Umbilicated cataract, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 15) 
Umbilication, lens, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 15) 
Uncommon acyanotic congenital heart disease, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 22A) 
Unconsciousness, sustained vertical deviations in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
Unilateral diplophthalmos, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 2) 
Unilateral hemispheric lesions, disturbances of gaze with, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
Unilateral wipe-out syndrome, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 4) 
United States Air Force (USAF) Resolution Test, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 30) 
United States Eye Injury Registry (USEIR), (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 45) 
Unit magnification, planes of, in ray sketching, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 30) 
Universal primer polymerase chain reaction, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 40B) 
Unoprostone (Rescula) for glaucoma, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 56) 
Upward gaze. See Gaze, upward; Gaze, vertical; Vertical deviations
Urate keratopathy, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 15) 
Urbach-Wiethe disease, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 15) 
Ureaplasma urealyticum, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 59) 
Uremia, platelet dysfunction in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 23) 
Uremic optic neuropathy, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
Urokinase, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 41) 
ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
in retinal artery occlusion, central, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 14) 
USAF Resolution Test, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 30) 
Useful field of view (UFOV) evaluation, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
USEIR (United States Eye Injury Registry), (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 45) 
Utility, in health economics, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 69) See also Marginal utility
Utricle, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
ocular tilt reflex and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
unilateral loss and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
Uvea, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 11) See also Choroid, Ciliary body; Iris
choroidal portion, embryology, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 2) 
ciliary portion, embryology, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 2) 
congenital and developmental defects, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 11 ) 
inflammatory and infectious changes, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 11) 
lymphomatous and leukemic infiltrations, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 11) 
persistent pupillary membrane, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 53) 
tumors
optic nerve involvement, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 16) 
Uveal tract, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 22) (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 43) (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 61) (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 34) See also Iris
biopsy of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 36 ) 
excisional, complications of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 36) 
ectropion of, in neurofibromatosis, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 51) 
effusion syndrome, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 52) 
in nanophthalmos, surgery for, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 53) 
gastrointestinal disorders involving, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 30) 
in herpes zoster ophthalmicus, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 20) 
immunoglobulins in, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 26) 
in Marfan syndrome, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 58) 
melanocytic tumors of, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 20) 
melanoma of, 3–6, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 53) (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 68) 
orbital and extrascleral extension of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 46) 
of posterior uvea. (See also Melanoma, malignant, uveal, posterior)
surgical management of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 70 ) 
in neurofibromatosis, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
posterior, bleeding syndrome in, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 22) 
sympathetic ophthalmia. (See Sympathetic ophthalmiain)
tumors of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 68) See also Tumors, uveal
Uveitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 40)  (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 41) (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 42)  (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 45)  (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 62) See also Choroiditis; Cyclitis, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 30) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 49) (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 3 ) 
in acute macular neuroretinopathy, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 57) 
in acute retinal necrosis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 57) 
in acute retinal pigment epitheliitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 57) 
angle-closure glaucoma versus, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 53) 
anterior chamber flare and cells in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 32) 
Behcet’s disease and, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 3) 
blurred vision in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 32) 
cataract extraction in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 64 ) 
cell-adhesion molecules in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 34) 
cells in anterior vitreous in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 32) 
cells in aqueous humor and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 32) 
cellular immunity in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 34) 
chronic, lymphoma and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 23) 
in Churg-Strauss syndrome, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 35) 
ciliary injection in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 32) 
in coccidioidomycosis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) 
in collagen vascular syndromes, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) 
cyclophosphamide for, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 33) 
diagnostic approach to, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37)  (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 54) (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 56) 
history taking in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) 
physical examination in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) 
systems review in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) 
tests and procedures for, laboratory tests in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) 
in diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 57) 
in Eales’ disease, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) 
in endogenous endophthalmitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) 
endophthalmitis versus, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 40) 
environmental causes of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 54) 
epiretinal membranes in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 32) 
Epstein-Barr virus and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 91) 
Fas-Fas ligand in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 34) 
fluorescein angiography in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 57) See also Fluorescein angiography
in Fuchs’ heterochromic iridocyclitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 56) 
fundus examination in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 32) 
glaucomatocyclitic crisis and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 40) 
histoplasmosis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 57) See also Histoplasmosisin
history taking in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) 
humoral immunity in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 34) 
hypersensitivity in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 54 ) 
immunologic factors in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 34 ) 
immunology, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 28A ) 
adhesion molecules and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 28A) 
lymphokines and cytokines and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 28A) 
thymus-derived T-inducer lymphocytes and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 28A) 
T-lymphocyte-mediated disease and autoimmunity and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 28A) 
infectious causes of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 54) 
in inflammatory bower disease, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 40) 
interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 54) 
intraocular lens and, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 6) 
iris abnormalities in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 32) 
keratic precipitates in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 32) 
keratocentesis in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 35 ) 
Kirisawa’s. (See Retinal necrosis syndrome, acute (ARN))
lens fragment retention and, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 65) 
in leptospirosis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) 
leukocytoclastic vasculitis and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 54) 
localized endophthalmitis and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 41 ) 
in multifocal choroiditis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) 
in multifocal retinitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) 
in multiple evanescent white-dot syndrome, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 57) 
in orbital pseudotumor, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 56) 
panuveitis
differential diagnosis of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 56) 
phacoantigenic, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55) See also Lens–induced uveitis
phacotoxic, surgery for, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 64) 
phthisis bulbi in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 56) 
physical examination in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) 
postoperative, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55 ) 
bleb-related infection in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55) 
early bacterial endophthalmitis and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55 ) 
fungal endophthalmitis and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55) 
in Irvine-Gass syndrome, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55) 
noninfectious, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55 ) 
intraocular lenses and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55) 
noninfectious iridocyclitis and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55) 
phacogenic (phacotoxic), (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55) 
sympathetic ophthalmia and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55) 
in progressive outer retinal necrosis syndrome, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) 
pupillary miosis and irregularity in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 32) 
reticulum cell sarcoma versus, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 57) 
retinal detachment in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 64) 
rifabutin-related, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 58) 
surgical sampling in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 35) 
systems review in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 37) 
treatment
ultrasound biomicroscopy, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 106) 
vaccination causing, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 54) 
vascular occlusive disease and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 40) 
vitreous opacities and haze in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 32) 
Uveitis glaucoma hyphema syndrome, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55) 
Uveitis in pregnancy, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 32) 
Uveo-meningeal syndromes, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
Uveomeningoencephalitis syndrome, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 57) See also Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada syndrome; See Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada syndrome
Uveoretinitis, basal, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 43) 
Uveoscleral pathway, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 6) 
aqueous outflow and, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 25) 

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Subject Index V
Vaccination. See Immunization
Vaccines. See Immunization; specific diseases
Valium. See See Diazepam; Diazepam (Valium)
Valproate, in migraine prophylaxis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 16) 
Valproate sodium, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Valproic acid, ocular toxicity of, , teratogenicity, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 39) 
Valsalva maneuver, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 14) (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 22) 
ciliochoroidal effusion due to, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 52) 
maculopathy due to, labor and delivery and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 32) 
retinopathy due to, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 32) 
general anesthesia and, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 1) 
Valsalva maneuver, intraocular pressure and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
Valve of Hasner, 3, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 13) 
Valve of Hyrtl, 3, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 13) 
Valve of Krause, 3, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 13) 
Valve of Taillefer, 3, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 13) 
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 64) 
Van der Hoeve syndrome. See Osteogenesis imperfecta
Van Herick grading system, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 44) 
Variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR), (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 19A) (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 55) 
Varicella zoster virus, latent, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 36) 
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV), (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 28) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 32) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 85) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 94) See also Herpes zoster ophthalmicus, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 20)  (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 33) See also Varicella; Herpes Zoster.
acute retinal necrosis syndrome and, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 28) 
clinical course of infection, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 94) 
cutaneous infection in, in progressive outer retinal necrosis, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 28) 
epidemics and outbreaks, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 43) 
host defenses and immune response, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 94) 
immune mechanisms in infection, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 2) 
laboratory diagnosis, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 94) 
pathogenesis of infection, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 94) 
prevention of infection, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 94) 
progressive outer retinal necrosis and, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 28) 
reactivation of, in acute retinal necrosis syndrome, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 28) 
Vasa hyaloidea propia, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16) 
Vascular bruit. See Bruit
Vascular filling defect, fluorescein angiography and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 57) 
Vascular hamartomas, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
Vascular leiomyoma, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
clinical features, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
differential diagnosis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
Vascular lesions, orbit, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
Vascular malformations, orbital, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
no-flow malformations, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
clinical features, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
differential diagnosis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
management natural history, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
venous flow malformations, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
clinical features, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
Vascular occlusive disease. See Occlusive disease, vascular
Vascular permeability
blood-ocular barrier and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
platelet-activating factor and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 27) 
Vascular risk factors for stroke, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 19) 
Vascular supply. See Blood vessels
Vascular system, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 5) See also specific vessels
cerebral syndrome of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
immunology and
in external tissues, 2, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 26) 
in internal tissues, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 26) 
muscular arteries, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
occlusions
automated perimetry in, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 109) 
orbital lesions and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37 ) 
venous drainage, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
intraocular pressure and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
obstructive disease, fluorescein angiography, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 113C ) 
visual sensory system, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 34) 
Vascular theory, tissue change caused by elevated intraocular pressure and, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 19) 
Vascular veils, congenital, 3, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
Vasculitides, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 26) See also specific types.
classification of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 26) 
retinal, lymphoma and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 23) 
Vasculitis, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 26) See also specific types.
cranial arteritis as. (See Arteritis, cranial)
in gastrointestinal disorders, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 30) 
leukocytoclastic, uveitis and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 54) 
limbal, in herpes simplex keratitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 19) 
optic neuropathy due to, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
papillary, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) See also Retinal vasculitis
retinal. (See Retinal vasculitis)
systemic, in connective tissue disease, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 35) 
Takayasu’s arteritis as. (See Pulseless disease (Takayasu’s arteritis))
Vasculogenic orbital masses, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
cholesterol granuloma, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
clinical features, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
differential diagnosis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
ophthalmic artery aneurysm, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
clinical features, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
orbital hemorrhages, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
clinical features, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
management natural history, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
orbital venous thrombosis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
clinical features, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
differential diagnosis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 37) 
Vasoactive peptides, effect on ocular blood flow, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
Vasoconstriction, local anesthetics and, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 35) 
Vasoconstrictors, in vernal keratoconjunctivitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 9) 
Vasodilators, peripheral, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Vasomotor activity, causes, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 26) 
Vasopressors, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Vasoproliferative factors, diabetic retinopathy and, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 30) 
Vasoproliferative tumor of ocular fundus, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 20) 
Vasoproliferative tumors, of fundus, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 22) 
Vectographic studies
in monofixation syndrome, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 14) 
Vectorial transport, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 21) 
Vectors
gene cloning using, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 55) 
mathematical use of, geometric optics and, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 30) 
surgically induced change in corneal power and, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 30) 
Veils
vascular, congenital, 3, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
vitreous, in retinoschisis, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
Veins. See Vascular system; specific veins
arteriovenous malformations of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 17) 
cavernous malformations of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 17) 
obstructive disease of, retinal, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 15) See also Retinal veins, obstruction of
ophthalmic. (See Ophthalmic vein)
orbital
retinal. (See Retinal veins)
varices of. (See Varices)
vortex
bleeding in, after reoperation of extraocular muscles, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 98) 
varix of, indocyanine green angiography of, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 4A) 
Velocimeter, Doppler, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 31) 
VEM. See Vergence eye movements (VEM)
Vena cava, superior, syndrome of. See Superior vena cava syndrome
Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 40) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 70) 
Venography, orbital
in inflammations, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 35) 
Venous beading, in diabetic retinopathy, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 30) 
Venous loops, in diabetic retinopathy, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 30) 
Venous obstructive disease, retinal, fluorescein angiography, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 113C ) 
Venous pressure, episcleral. See Episcleral venous pressure
Ventral paraflocculus, ocular motility and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 23) 
Ventral pathway, lesions of, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 22 ) 
VEP. See Visual evoked potential; Visual evoked potential (VEP)
Verapamil
in neuroprotection of axons, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 57) 
Veratrum, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Vergence, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 2) (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 7)  (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 33) 
calculation of
spherical refracting surface, single
thick lens, positive, in air, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 30) 
thin lens, positive
different medium on each side, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 30) 
same medium on both sides, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 30) 
change of, on transfer, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 30) 
convergence. (See Convergence)
divergence. (See Divergence)
image location by, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 30) 
myopia correction and, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 42) 
Vergence eye movements, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 38) 
brainstem control, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 38) (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
divergence paresis, paralysis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
spasm of near reflex, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
vergence movements, motor commands for, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 38) 
Vergence system, psychophysics, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 23) 
Verhoeff bodies. See Rosenthal fibers
Verhoeff streak, 3, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 52) 
Vernala conjunctivitis, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 8) 
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 2)  (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 9) 
pathophysiology of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 2) 
phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis versus, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 8) 
Vernal keratopathy, superficial keratectomy in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 28) 
Verrucae, of lids, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 22) 
Verrucal endocardiosis, degenerative, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 22) 
Vertebrobasilar arteries
dissection of, headache with, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 16) 
Vertebrobasilar insufficiency, transient ischemic attacks and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
Verteporfin (Visudyne)
for angioid streaks, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 36) 
for choroidal neovascularization, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 76) 
in histoplasmosis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 48) 
for pathologic myopia, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 36) 
Vertical, torsional movements, brainstem connections, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
dorsal midbrain syndrome, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
midbrain lesions, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
vertical deviations, sustained, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
Vertical deviations
dissociated, surgery for, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 87) 
Fadenoperation in, 5, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 91) 
in oblique muscle dysfunction, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 17) 
postoperative
A and V patterns and, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 84) 
Vertical deviations, sustained, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
Vertical fusional vergence, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 7) 
Vertical gaze, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 4) See also Gaze, vertical
brainstem control of, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 38) 
effects of midbrain lesions on, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 38) 
Vertical gaze paresis, Niemann-Pick disease and, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 54B) 
Vertical rectus muscles. See Rectus muscles, vertical
Vertical strabismus
chemodenervation in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 89) 
Fadenoperation in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 91) 
Vertical supranuclear ophthalmoplegic lipidosis, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 19) 
Vertigo, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 1) (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) See also Dizziness
in acute vestibular neuritis and labyrinthitis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
Meniere’s disease and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
Verwey procedure, in telecanthus correction, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 110) 
Vestibular adaptation, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
Vestibular artery, anterior, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
Vestibular disturbances, nystagmus caused by, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 38) 
Vestibular eye movement, neurophysiology, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 23) 
Vestibular nuclear complex, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 4) 
Vestibular nystagmus. See under Nystagmus
Vestibular system, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 4) 
disturbances of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) See also Dizziness
acoustic neuroma as, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
acute vestibular neuritis and labyrinthitis as, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
benign paroxysmal positional vertigo as, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
clinical assessment of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
disequilibrium as, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
dizziness in children as, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
Meniere’s disease as, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
motion sickness as, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
orthostatic hypotension as, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
pathophysiology of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
eye movements and, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 38) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 23) 
brain-stem reticular formation and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 23) 
inferior olive and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 23) 
nucleus prepositus and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 23) 
nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 23) 
pontine nuclei and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 23) 
superior colliculus and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 23) 
normal function of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
peripheral structures of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
semicircular canals in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
Vestibulocerebellum, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
Vestibulo-colic reflex, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 4) 
Vestibulo-ocular reflex, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 38) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 23) 
assessment of
electronystagmography in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
head-shaking nystagmus test in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
head thrust test in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
rotary chair test in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
vestibular dynamic visual acuity test in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
bedside tests for, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
vestibular stimulation in darkness and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 23) 
Vestibulo-ocular system, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
Vestibulo-optokinetic reflexes, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 38) 
Victor oculopharyngeal dystrophy. See Oculopharyngeal dystrophy
Vidarabine (adenine arabinoside, Ara-A)
in herpes simplex keratitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 19) 
ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
systemic toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Videoangiogram. See also Angiography
Videoangiography, indocyanine green, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 110) See also Indocyanine green (ICG) angiography
Video-based low vision aids, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 46A ) 
costs and benefits of, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 46A) 
future horizons for, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 46A) 
Videokeratoscope, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 65) See also Keratoscope
image processing in, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 65) 
Videokeratoscopy. See also Keratoscopy
clinical utility of, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 65 ) 
computer-assisted, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 65) 
Video oculography, digital, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 9) 
Video recording, of eye movements, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 9) 
VID (visible iris diameter) for fitting of contact lens, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 55) 
Vignetting, aperture and, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 30) 
Vincristine, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
VIP study (photodynamic therapy), (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 63) 
Viral DNA replication, human herpes virus 8 and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 93A) 
Viral replication cycle, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 100) 
Viral transport medium, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 40) 
Virion, herpes simplex ocular disease and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 89) 
Virology
Virus diseases, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 33) See also specific disease
acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
culture medium for, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 1) 
dacryoadenitis as, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 40) 
iridocyclitis and, (4): 42: 10
laboratory diagnosis of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 1) 
lid infections and, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 22) 
optic neuritis and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
retinal detachment in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
toxic epidermal necrolysis and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 27) 
Virus(es), (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 85) See also Drugs, antiviral; Infection(s), viral; specific viruses
antibodies, neutralization, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 88) 
granulomatous inflammations induced by, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 4) 
keratitis due to
in multiple sclerosis, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 35) 
strategies to avoid host defense mechanisms, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 98) 
structure and function, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 85) 
Visceral leishmaniasis, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 79) 
Visceral myopathy, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 28) 
Viscoat. See Viscoelastic materials
Viscoelasticity, scleral rigidity and, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 9) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
Viscoelastic materials, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 9) (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 11) See also Ophthalmic viscosurgical devices (OVDs)
in cataract surgery, intraocular pressure elevation and, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 54G) 
in microsurgery, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 3) 
as vitreous substitutes, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 54 ) 
Viscosity, of topical medications, bioinequivalence and, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 22) 
Viscosity of viscoelastic agents, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 9) 
Visible acuity, minimum, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 33) 
Visible iris diameter (VID), for fitting of contact lens, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 55) 
Vision, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 47) 
binocular. (See Binocular vision)
color. (See Color-defective vision; Color vision)
defects in. (See Field defects)
delayed maturation of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 13) 
distance, measurement of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
disturbances of, in aura, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 16) 
evaluation, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 17 ) 
craniofacial anomalies and, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 41) 
field of. (See Field of vision)
functional, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
direct assessment of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
generic ability score for, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
life versus, ethical considerations on, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 68) 
loss of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) See also Blindness; Low vision
anatomic and structural changes in, 2, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
functional change at organ level and, 2, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
rehabilitation and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
societal and economic consequences of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
low. (See Low vision)
near, measurement of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
residual, blindsight and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
Vision Analyzer. See Humphrey Vision Analyzer
Vision Contrast Test System, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 33) 
Vision 2020-The Right to Sight, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 53) 
Vistech contrast sensitivity chart, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 17) 
Vistech wall chart, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 2) 
Visual ability, direct assessment of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
Visual ability profile, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
Visual acuity, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 2) (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 22) (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
after endophthalmitis treatment, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 64) 
after keratomileusis, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 46) 
after radial keratotomy, predictability of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 41) 
after scleral buckling, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 59) 
age-related changes in, 5, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
in albinism, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 8) 
pathophysiology of impairment in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 38) 
in amblyopia, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 10 ) 
after occlusion therapy, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 11) 
assessment of, in children, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 10) 
astigmatism. (See Astigmatismin)
in autosomal dominant fundus flavimaculatus, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
Bailey-Lovie chart for, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 33) 
in benign concentric annular macular dystrophy, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
in branch retinal vein occlusion, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 15) 
in butterfly-shaped pigment dystrophy of fovea, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
in cataract
surgical indications for, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 100) 
in central areolar choroidal dystrophy, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
in children, assessment of, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 10) 
in cilioretinal artery obstruction, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 14) 
with cilioretinal artery sparing, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 14) 
classification of, WHO, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 52) 
clinical measurement, in retinal disease, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 14) 
in commotio retinae, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
contrast sensitivity of, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 33) 
in craniofacial syndromes, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 110) 
decimal acuity and, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 33) 
diurnal fluctuation in, after radial keratotomy, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 41) 
in dominant cystoid macular dystrophy, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
in dominant optic atrophy, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
in familial foveal retinoschisis, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
in foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
in ischemic optic neuropathy, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
laser devices in measuring, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 66 ) 
equipment availability for, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 66) 
interference fringes in, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 66) 
validation of interference test in, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 66) 
in Leber’s congenital amaurosis, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 8) 
legible, minimum, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 33) 
light levels and, in amblyopia, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 10) 
in macroreticular dystrophy of retinal pigment epithelium, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
measurement of, blindness statistics and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 52) 
in morning glory optic disc anomaly, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 8) 
in North Carolina macular dystrophy, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
in nystagmus, foveation time and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 11) 
in ocular albinism, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 8) 
pathophysiology of impairment in, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 38) 
in optic neuritis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
in pattern dystrophy of pigment epithelium, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
perceptible, minimum, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 33) 
in pericentral rod-cone dystrophy, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
in pigmentary retinopathies, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
in pigment epithelial dystrophy, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
in progressive cone-rod dystrophies, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
in radiation retinopathy, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 26A) 
at reduced illumination, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 2) 
in retinal artery obstruction
in retinal vasculitis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
in rod monochromaticism, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
in rubella retinopathy, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 8) 
separable, minimum, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 33) 
in Stargardt’s disease, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
tests, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 14) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 17) See also Contrast sensitivity testing; specific type
tests for, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 10) (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73B) (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 2) (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51 ) 
completion criterion for, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
distance in
for normal and near-normal vision, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
environmental conditions and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 2) 
historical perspective on, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
letter size notation for continuous text in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
letter size progression in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
measurement procedure in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
preferred numbers series in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
reading fluency in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
rounding of values in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
in thyroid orbitopathy, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 36) 
in tyrosinase-negative albinism, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 8) 
vestibular dynamic visual acuity test for, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 18) 
visibility of gratings in, in amblyopia, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 10) 
visible, minimum, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 33) 
in Waardenburg-like syndrome of Bard, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 38) 
in Weskamp-Cotlier syndrome, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 34) 
Visual Acuity Measurement Standard, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
Visual Acuity Rating, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
Visual Acuity Score, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
Visual adaptation. See Adaptation
Visual association areas
functional anatomy, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 34) 
interhemispheric connections and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 4) 
Visual cortex. See Cortex, visual; Visual sensory system
comparative anatomic studies, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 22) 
functional imaging, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 22) 
Visual cortex, neuro-ophthalmologic examination, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
acuity at reduced illumination, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
motion sensitivity, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
sensory visual pathways, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
visual sensory system, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
Visual direction, binocular vision and
horopter and. (See Horopter)
Visual discrimination, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 33) See also Discrimination
Visual efficiency, visual acuity versus, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 33) 
Visual Efficiency Scale, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
Visual evoked potential, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 38) 
Visual evoked potentials, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
Visual evoked potential (VEP), (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 2) (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 5)  (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 5) (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 2) (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 22) See also Visual evoked potential (VEP)
binocular rivalry and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 24) 
channel-specific, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 5) 
in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 105) 
clinical applications of, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 5) 
functional visual loss and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 105) 
in hysteria and malingering, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 105) 
international standards for, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 5) 
in multiple sclerosis, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 105) 
in myotonic dystrophy, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 105) 
and neurotransmission defects, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 105) 
optic nerve lesions and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 105) 
in retinal diseases, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 105) 
retrochiasmal lesions and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 105) 
steady state response, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 105) 
in visual function assessment, in nonverbal adults and children, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 5) 
in visual loss, organic versus functional, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 5) 
visual stimulation and, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 105) 
waveform evaluation, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 105) 
Visual field. See Field defects; Field of vision
defects, from striate lesions, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 22 ) 
testing, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 17) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 109) See also Automated perimetry
confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy versus, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 111) 
historical overview, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 109) 
Visual field, abnormalities in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
Visual fields
neuro-ophthalmologic examination, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
anatomic considerations, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
tangent screen
automated static screening perimetry, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
automated visual field results, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
frequency doubling perimetry, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
visually elicited eye movements
automated threshold tests, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
deviation, empiric probability maps, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
false-negative responses, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
false-positive responses, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
global visual field indices, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
grayscale (symbols) display, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
reliability indices (catch-trials), (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
representation of results (graphic display), (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
Visual fixation mechanism, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 38) 
disturbance of, nystagmus due to, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 38) 
Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 (VFQ-25), (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ), (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 73B) (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
Visual function testing, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 14) (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 17) See also specific type
in clinical assessment of retinal disease, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 14) 
cone and rod distribution and, 2, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 14) 
contrast sensitivity. (See Contrast sensitivity testing)
spectral sensitivity, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 14) 
visual-evoked cortical potential, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 14) 
Visual hallucinations, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
with altered mental states, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
with cognitive dysfunction, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
during eye closure, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
hallucinatory states, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
migrainous hallucinations, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
peduncular hallucinations, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
release hallucinations, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
visual seizures, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
Visual job families, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 47) 
Visual localization training, in blindsight, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 22) 
Visual loss
hallucinations with, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 22) 
in Sanfilippo syndrome, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 54B) 
in Tay-Sachs disease, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 54B) 
unexplained, fluorescein angiography, in diabetic retinopathy, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 113D) 
Visual paraneoplastic syndrome, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 34) 
Visual pathways
anterior
gliomas, in childhood, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 13) 
migraine related to, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 16) 
chiasmal syndromes of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 6) See also Chiasmal syndromes
contrast sensitivity and, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 35) 
gastrointestinal disorders involving, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 30) 
prechiasmal lesions and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) See also specific lesions
retino-cortical, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 2) 
retrochiasmal disorders of, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7 ) 
Visual pigments. See Pigment(s)
Visual processing, ophthalmologist role in, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 42) 
Visual radiations, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 4) 
blood supply for, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 4) 
functional anatomy, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 34) 
Visual seizures, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
Visual sensory system, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 34) See also Visual cortex, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 10) 
diagnosis of disorders of, in prechiasmal pathways, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) See also specific disorders
functional anatomy
extrageniculate systems, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 34) 
lateral geniculate nucleus, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 34) 
technologic advances in understanding of, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 34) 
visual association areas and interhemispheric connections, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 34) 
retinotopic organization, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 34) 
Visual stimulation, in amblyopia treatment, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 11) 
Visual transduction, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 12) 
Visual-vestibuloocular response, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 9) 
Visuscope, in amblyopia, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 10) 
Vitamin A (retinol)
in night blindness, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 59) 
ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
recommended daily allowance of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 59) 
transport of, retinal, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 1) 
Vitamin B1. See Thiamine
Vitamin B6. See Pyridoxine (vitamin B6)
Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) deficiency, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 23) 
Vitamin C. See Ascorbic acid
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
Vitamin D, ocular toxicity of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 37) 
Vitamin E
cataract risk reduction in, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 72C) 
in premature infants, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 39) 
Vitamins. See also specific vitamin
deficiency of
tobacco-alcohol amblyopia and, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
metabolism of, abnormalities of, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 19) 
supplemental, cataract risk reduction and, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 72C) 
intervention studies on, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 72C) 
Vitelliform degeneration, macular, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
Vitelliform dystrophy, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 13) See also Best’s vitelliform macular dystrophy
Vitelliruptive dystrophy, macular, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 9) 
Vitiliginous chorioretinitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 57) 
Vitrectomy, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56 ) 
in acute retinal necrosis, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
air-fluid exchange in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
air-gas exchange in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
air-silicone exchange in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
angle-closure glaucoma after, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 54E) 
anterior, in anterior chamber IOL implantation, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 8) 
antibiotics after, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 66) 
antimicrobial prophylaxis after, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 64) 
in bleb-related infection, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55) 
for choroidal neovascular membranes, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
in cystoid macular edema, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55) 
in diabetes mellitus, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 18) 
in diabetic retinopathy, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 30) (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57 ) 
for combined traction-rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
complications of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
indications for, 2, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
dense premacular hemorrhage as, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
dense vitreous hemorrhage and iris neovascularization as, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
macular edema associated with posterior hyaloidal traction as, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
nonclearing vitreous hemorrhage as, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
progressive active fibrovascular proliferation as, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
lens management in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
for macular traction retinal detachment, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
silicone oil and, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
surgical adjuvants to, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
surgical principles of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
diagnostic, in uveitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 64) 
for dislocated intraocular lens, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
“en bloc, ”, (6) 57: 4
fish-strike sign in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
hand support for, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
instrumentation for, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
for macular heterotopia, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
for macular pucker, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
membrane avulsion from optic nerve in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
opaque media and, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
operating microscope for, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
in papillary traction, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
pars plana approach to, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 66) 
in acute retinal necrosis syndrome, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 28) 
for central retinal vein occlusion, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 15) 
for endophthalmitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55) 
in phacoanaphylactic endophthalmitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 55) 
in pars planitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 43) 
preoperative evaluation of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
in proliferative vitreoretinopathy, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
pupillary membranes and, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
for removal of retained lens material, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 65) (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 65) 
for removal of retained lens material, results of, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 65) 
in retinal detachment, with proliferatie vitreoretinopathy, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
in retinopathy of prematurity, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
in sickle cell retinopathy, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 17) 
for subfoveal hemorrhage, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
for subretinal hemorrhage, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
for suprachoroidal hemorrhage, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
surgical anatomy for, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
sympathetic ophthalmia due to, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
technique of
in diabetic retinopathy, 5–6, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
in toxoplasmosis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
viewing peripheral retina in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
for vitreomacular traction, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
Vitrectomy, pars plana, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 24) 
Vitreolysis
laser, in sickle cell retinopathy, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 17) 
Vitreolysis, pharmacologic, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16) 
Vitreopathy, diabetic, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16) 
Vitreoretinal dystrophy, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 39) 
Vitreoretinal surgery. See also specific operation
pediatric, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 72 ) 
preoperative examination, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 72) 
for posterior segment trauma, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 66 ) 
Vitreoretinal surgery, anesthesia, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 1) 
Vitreoretinal tractional diseases, retinal detachment, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 39) 
rhegmatogenous, vitrectomy in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
Vitreoretinal trauma. See Trauma, vitreoretinal; specific injury
Vitreoretinopathy. See also Retinopathy
dominant exudative, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 39) 
fluid-gas or fluid-silicone oil exchange in, relaxing retinopathy and, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 58) 
perfluorocarbon liquids in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 54) 
subretinal strands in, surgical intervention, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 62) 
surgical management, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 58) 
vitreous surgery in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 58) 
adjunctive pharmacologic therapy, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 58) 
anatomic considerations, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 51) 
fluid-gas or fluid-silicone oil exchange, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 58) 
future considerations, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 58) 
intraoperative complications, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 58) 
membrane peeling and sectioning, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 58) 
perfluorocarbon liquids in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 58) 
postoperative complications, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 58) 
postoperative management, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 58) 
preoperative evaluation, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 58) 
pseudophakos and, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 58) 
residual traction management, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 58) 
retinal tamponade, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 58) 
Stickler’s. (See Stickler’s syndrome)
Vitreotapetoretinal dystrophies, fluorescein angiography, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 113B) 
Vitreous, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16) (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16)  (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 11)  (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 14 ) 
abscess, malignant-like glaucoma in, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 53) 
acquired strands and floaters, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 14) 
age-related degeneration, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16) 
anterior, examination techniques, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 51) 
in anterior chamber, after cataract extraction, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 54G) 
aqueous humor, barrier function, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 61) 
attachment plaques, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16) 
blunt trauma, complications, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 6) 
in branch retinal vein occlusion, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 15) 
cataract surgery effects on, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16) 
central
examination techniques, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 51) 
Chandler’s operation in malignant glaucoma, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 53) 
Chandler’s vitreous operation in, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 53) 
cholesterol crystals, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 7) 
clinical conditions, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 11 ) 
clinical examination, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 38 ) 
collagen in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 51) 
hyaluronic acid interaction with, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 51) 
congenital anomalies, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 14) 
corneal lacerations involving, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 39) 
cytologic examination of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 35) 
damaged, removal, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 66) 
detachments. (See Vitreous detachment)
development, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16) See also Vitreous, aging; Vitreous, embryology
developmental anomalies, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 53) 
persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 11) (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 53) 
disorders, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 39) See also specific disorders
developmental and inherited, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 39) 
fibrous proliferation, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 14) 
gel, cell-mediated traction, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 11) 
glutamate in, glaucoma and, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 52) 
hemorrhage. (See Hemorrhage, vitreous)
in herpes zoster ophthalmicus, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 20) 
host defense mechanisms, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 45) 
hyaluronic acid in, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 51) 
collagen interaction with, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 51) 
inflammation, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 14) (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 39) 
in phakic patients with cystoid macular edema and retinal periphlebitis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 43) 
interface with retina. (See Vitreoretinal interface)
leakage, and fluorescein angiography, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 57) 
light scattering in, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 31) 
loss, during glaucoma surgery, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 24) 
lymphoma, in renal transplant patients, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 31) 
macromolecular organization, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16) 
macular epiretinal membranes, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 11) 
massive retraction. (See Vitreoretinopathy, proliferative)
mechanical interfacial separation from retina, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 11) 
metabolic disorders, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16) 
molecular constituents, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16 ) 
noncollagenous proteins, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16) 
opacification
examination techniques, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 51) 
pathobiology, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 39) See also Vitreous disorders; specific disorders
peripheral, examination techniques, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 51) 
persistent hyperplastic primary (PHPV), (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 14) (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 19) 
retinoblastoma versus, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 21) 
pharmacologic vitreolysis, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16) 
posterior
examination techniques, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 51) 
premacular membranes, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 51) 
prolapse, anterior chamber, after cataract extraction, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 54G) 
protein concentration, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16) 
pupillary block by, after cataract extraction, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 54G) 
refractive index, (Clinical Volume 1, Chapter 33) 
retraction. (See Vitreoretinopathy, proliferative)
rheology, aging changes, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16) 
sequelae of nongranulomatous inflammation, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 3) 
serologic examination of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 35) 
species variations, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16) 
specific gravity of, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 1) 
substitutes, silicone oil, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 57) 
surgery. (See also Vitrectomy)
anatomic considerations, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 51 ) 
historical perspective, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 51) 
microsurgery
foreign body removal, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 66) 
secondary repair after trauma treatment, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 66) 
in proliferative vitreoretinopathy, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
tertiary. (See also Zonular apparatus)
in toxoplasmosis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 46) 
traction
after cataract extraction, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 6) 
retinal detachment and, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 13) 
traction tears, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
in diabetic retinopathy, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 30) 
vitrectomy. (See Vitrectomy)
Vitreous biopsy, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 35) 
aqueous
vitreous, cytologic examination of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 35) 
vitreous humor, serologic examination of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 35) 
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 35) 
keratocentesis, technique of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 35) 
molecular genetic techniques, analysis of immune system, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 35) 
surgical sampling, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 35) 
Vitreous hemorrhage, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 31) 
Vitreous strands, lysis, Nd: YAG laser for, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 10) 
Vitreous substitutes, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 54) 
gases as, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) See Gases intraocular
perfluorocarbon liquids as, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 54 ) 
as postoperative intraocular pressure, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 56) 
semifluorinate alkane liquids as, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 54) 
Vitreous tap, during scleral buckling, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 59) 
Vitreous wick syndrome, (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 6) 
Vitritis, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 43) See also Vitreous, inflammation
in acute retinal necrosis syndrome, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 28) 
age-related, idiopathic, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 43) 
cytomegalovirus retinitis and, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 28A) 
peripheral anterior, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 16) 
VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats), (Foundations Volume 3, Chapter 55) 
Vocational counseling, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 24) 
Vogt
anterior mosaic crocodile shagreen of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 16) 
white limbal girdle of, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 16) 
Vogt-Spielmeyer disease, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 19) See also Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis
retinal changes in, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 5) 
Volitional saccades, (Foundations Volume 1, Chapter 38) 
Volleyball, eye injuries from, protective device effectiveness and, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 45) 
Volume-pressure change curve, (Foundations Volume 2, Chapter 7) 
Vomiting, postoperative, in children, (Clinical Volume 6, Chapter 81) 
Von Graefe sign
in thyrotoxicosis, (Clinical Volume 2, Chapter 36) 
Von Helmholtz, Hermann, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 51) 
Von Hippel disease, (Clinical Volume 3, Chapter 34) 
Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
cutaneous findings, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
diagnostic criteria, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
differential diagnosis, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
epidymis, broad ligament, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
neurologic findings, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
ophthalmic features, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
posterior segment, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
systemic features, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
visceral findings, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 36) 
Vortex corneal dystrophy, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 16) 
Vortex keratopathy, (Clinical Volume 4, Chapter 17) 
V patterns. See A and V patterns
V-T closure, in lid repair, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 88) 
V-Y glabellar flap, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 88) 
V-Y plasty, in lid repair, 4, (Clinical Volume 5, Chapter 88) 
VZV. See Varicella-zoster virus; Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)

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