| 目的：观察了解周边视网膜变性在我省大学生近视患者（等值球镜度即SE≤－0.50D）不同屈光度组（低、中、高度）的患病率及其与眼轴增长程度的相关性和高度近视患者高眼压的发生率。方法：通过在我省各大高校大学生中宣传近视眼并发症的危害性及提前发现并防治其并发症的重要性和必要性，鼓励在校大学生来郑州大学第一附属医院眼科进行包括角膜曲率测量、睫状肌麻痹验光、眼压测量、A超眼轴测量、间接检眼镜及Goldman三面镜检查周边视网膜并详细记录检查结果。结果：178位平均年龄为21.30±1.57岁（范围=17.00～25.00岁）的大学生共334只眼接受了检查，平均屈光度为-3.75±2.90D（范围=-0.50～20.25D）。平均眼轴长度为25.04±1.24mm(范围=21.00～31.21mm)。高度近视眼中高眼压的患病率为4.23％（3眼）。各种周边视网膜变性中患病率最高的为非压迫变白即WWP(83眼)：患病率为24.85%；其次为霜样变性(39眼)：患病率为11.68％；格子样变性（30眼）：患病率为8.98％，位居第三；以下依次为囊样变性（13眼）：患病率为3.89%；蜗牛迹样变性（11眼）：患病率为3.29%；裂孔（10眼）：患病率为2.99%；色素样变性（4眼）：患病率为1.98%；其中裂孔包括7个萎缩性孔，6个撕裂孔，其中有1眼格子样变性伴视网膜撕裂孔发生局部视网膜浅脱离。各种周边视网膜变性中格子样变性和视网膜裂孔的发生和眼轴的延长呈正相关。结论：我省大学生近视眼患者中具有较高的周边视网膜变性的患病率；格子样变性和视网膜裂孔的发生和眼轴的延长呈显著正相关。
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to study the prevalence and the characteristics of peripheral retinal findings in Chinese undergraduates with myopia (spherical equivalent ≤-0.50D) and to investigate the correlation between the retinal lesions and the severity of myopia or axial length and to investigate the prevalence of high ocular pressure in high mopia. Methods: A Cross-sectional prevalence survey screening was conducted in Chinese undergraduates with refractions equal to or less than -0.50D. The examinations included: keratometry, cycloplegic refraction, intraocular pressure measurement, A and B scan ultrasonography, and retinal examinations by indirect ophthalmoscopy with scleral indentation and Goldmann three-mirror contact lens examination. Result： Three hundred and thirty four eyes in 178 myopia with a mean refraction of -3.75±2.90D（range=-0.50～20.25D） were examined. The mean axial length was 25.04±1.24mm(range=21.00～31.21mm) and the mean age was 21.30±1.57岁（range=17～25years）. The prevalence of high ocular pressure in Chinese undergraduates with high myopia was 4.23％(3 in 71 eyes). The most common peripheral retinal findings was white without pressure (83 eyes), the prevalence was 24.85%; followed by frost-like degeneration in 11.68% and lattice degeneration in 8.98% of eyes. The prevalence of retinal holes was 2.99%. A positive correlation was noted between axial length and the lesions of lattice degeneration and retinal hole. Conclusion :A high prevalence of peripheral retinal degenerations was found in Chinese undergraduate with myopia. The presence of lattice degeneration and retinal holes was positively correlated with axial length elongation.
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