Fig. 16. Early modified J-loop IOLs grew to 14 mm in length so they could be placed in the ciliary sulcus or tolerate asymmetric bag–sulcus placement. In the early 1980s, reduced diameter IOLs with softer flex characteristics were developed specifically for placement within the capsule bag. Both lengths are seen overlapping in this open-sky keyhole demonstration. (Courtesy of James A. Davison, MD, Wolfe Eye Clinic, Marshalltown, IA.)